Cybersecurity 101

In today’s digital world, cybersecurity is essential. At WatchGuard, we break down key cybersecurity topics with clear explanations, practical examples, and proven best practices. Whether you want to learn about network security, endpoint protection, identity management, or cyber threats—start your journey with Cybersecurity 101.

L

Large Language Model (LLM)

An AI tool trained on massive data sets of language to understand and generate human-like text. Capable of processing written instruction via human or non-human prompts, then responding in conversational language to create fresh content and answer complex questions.

Least Privilege Access

Fundamental security policy that only allows users, applications, or systems to have the absolute minimum permissions needed to perform their specific tasks, and nothing more. Prevents lateral movement and minimizes access to sensitive data by enforcing strict access controls and role-based permissions.

Living-off-the-Land (LotL)

A fileless malware cyberattack technique in which hackers use legitimate, native operating system tools and features like scripts, admin tools, or scheduled tasks, to conduct malicious activities. They avoid detection by blending in with normal system operations.

Living-off-the-Land Binaries and Scripts (LOLBAS)

Legitimate processes and services that Windows uses to perform
certain tasks can be hijacked by attackers to use for malicious
purposes. They are effective because these are trusted process
names and binaries that look non-malicious.