Spoofing

Email spoofing falsifies the sender address in an email header to make the message appear as if it came from someone the recipient knows or trusts. Attackers use this technique to distribute malware, collect credentials through fake login pages, or trick employees into transferring money to fraudulent accounts. 

Domain and website spoofing create fake websites that closely resemble legitimate ones. Attackers register similar domain names, copy the visual design of trusted sites, and direct victims to these imitations through phishing emails or search engine manipulation. Users who enter credentials or payment information on these fake sites hand their data directly to attackers.

DNS spoofing, also known as DNS cache poisoning, corrupts the Domain Name System to redirect users to malicious websites when they type legitimate addresses. Attackers inject false DNS records into a DNS resolver's cache, causing the system to return an incorrect IP address. When users try to visit their bank's website, for example, they are redirected to an attacker-controlled lookalike site instead.